Growth for the saken of growth is the ideology of the cancer
cell.
Edward Abbey. A Voice Crying In The Wilderness. 1989
Edward Abbey. A Voice Crying In The Wilderness. 1989
Whether the whites won the land
by treaty, by armed conquest, or, as was actually the case, by a mixture of
both, mattered comparatively little so long as the land was won. It was
all-important that it should be won, for the benefit of civilization and in the
interests of mankind. It is indeed a warped, perverse, and silly morality which
would forbid a course of conquest that has turned whole continents into the
seats of mighty and flourishing civilized nations. All men of sane and
wholesome thought must dismiss with impatient contempt the plea that these
continents should be reserved for the use of scattered savage tribes, whose
life was but a few degrees less meaningless, squalid, and ferocious than that
of the wild beasts with whom they held joint ownership. It is as idle to apply
to savages the rules of international morality which obtain between stable and
cultured communities…
Most fortunately, the hard, energetic, practical men who do the rough pioneer work of civilization in barbarous lands, are not prone to false sentimentality… it is the men actually on the borders of the longed-for ground, the men actually in contact with the savages, who in the end shape their own destinies… The most ultimately righteous of all wars is a war with savages, though it is apt to be also the most terrible and inhuman. The rude, fierce settler who drives the savage from the land lays all civilized mankind under a debt to him. American and Indian, Boer and Zulu, Cossack and Tartar, New Zealander and Maori, — in each case the victor, horrible though many of his deeds are, has laid deep the foundations for the future greatness of a mighty people. The consequences of struggles for territory between civilized nations seem small by comparison... it is of incalculable importance that America, Australia, and Siberia should pass out of the hands of their red, black, and yellow aboriginal owners, and become the heritage of the dominant world races.
Theodore Roosevelt. The Winning of the West, Volume Three: The Founding of the Trans-Alleghany Commonwealths, 1784-1790. 1900
Most fortunately, the hard, energetic, practical men who do the rough pioneer work of civilization in barbarous lands, are not prone to false sentimentality… it is the men actually on the borders of the longed-for ground, the men actually in contact with the savages, who in the end shape their own destinies… The most ultimately righteous of all wars is a war with savages, though it is apt to be also the most terrible and inhuman. The rude, fierce settler who drives the savage from the land lays all civilized mankind under a debt to him. American and Indian, Boer and Zulu, Cossack and Tartar, New Zealander and Maori, — in each case the victor, horrible though many of his deeds are, has laid deep the foundations for the future greatness of a mighty people. The consequences of struggles for territory between civilized nations seem small by comparison... it is of incalculable importance that America, Australia, and Siberia should pass out of the hands of their red, black, and yellow aboriginal owners, and become the heritage of the dominant world races.
Theodore Roosevelt. The Winning of the West, Volume Three: The Founding of the Trans-Alleghany Commonwealths, 1784-1790. 1900
The Modern World would respect
the Creation only insofar as it could be used by humans. Henceforth, by
definition, by principle, we would be unable to leave anything as it was. The
usable would be used; the useless would be sacrificed in the use of something
else. By means of the machine metaphor we have eliminated any fear or awe or
reverence of humility or delight or joy that might have restrained us in our
use of the world. We have indeed learned to act as if our sovereignity were
unlimited and as if our intelligence were equal to the universe. Our ‘success’
is a catastrophic demonstration of our failure. The industrial Paradise is a
fantasy in the minds of the privileged and the powerful; the reality is a shambles.
Wendell Berry. The Unsettling of America. Culture & Agriculture. 1977
Wendell Berry. The Unsettling of America. Culture & Agriculture. 1977
En Theodore Roosevelt zelf? […]
Zijn liefde voor deze woeste natuur was geen show… Orde, evenwicht tussen de
verschillende machten, binnen Amerika en ook in de rest van de wereld, dat was
zijn doel… Teddy Roosevelt was een fenomeen.
Geert Mak. Reizen zonder John. 2012
Geert Mak. Reizen zonder John. 2012
Deze door de mainstream opiniemakers
gepropageerde en door de macht afgedwongen ‘orde,’ heeft vanwege haar
parasitaire karakter overal ter wereld een verwoestende disharmonie
veroorzaakt. En omdat de ‘orde’ onbeheersbaar is geworden zal
de wal het schip gaan keren. De Amerikaanse socioloog, professor Morris Berman
concludeerde in zijn in 2006
verschenen boek Dark Ages America. The
Final Phase Of Empire het volgende:
As Chalmers Johnson notes, the
rationales of free trade and open markets were used to disguise our hegemonic
power during the 1990s, and to make that power seem benign and ‘natural.’ The
upshot was that the United States would rule the world, but under camouflage –
a kinder, gentler imperialism, if you will. But the bottom line is that it, and
it alone, would rule… The result, writes Alexander Cockburn, was that the
Democrats and their associated public interest groups rallied around their
leader ‘and marched into the late 1990s arm in arm along the path sign-posted
toward the greatest orgy of corporate theft in the history of the planet,
deregulation of banking and food safety, NAFTA and the WTO [World Trade
Organization], rates of logging six times those achieved in the subsequent Bush
years, oil drilling in the Arctic… a vast expansion of the death penalty,
reaffirmation of racist drug laws, [and] the foundations of the Patriot Act.’ […]
The point is that if you don’t act as steward and promotor of the national
security state, your chances of occupying the White House are less than zero…
It was perfectly fine to say
Iraq was a strategic error or that it was ‘mismanaged,’ but under no
circumstances could you point out that it was an illegal and immoral
neocolonial adventure, an intervention in someone else’s civil war. And of
course, absolutely verboten was the one thing everybody in the world seems to
understand but us: that 9/11 was the blowback from an interventionist foreign
policy. These were debates with 95 percent of the political reality screened
out in advance. There was no anti-empire candidate on the podium (nor will
there ever be); so what really was being debated? An imperialist rubric
mandates a phony discussion, in which the two candidates energetically duke it
out over a soft versus hard version of the same agenda, while a compliant press
(ever mindful of their carreers) report on the ‘contrast’ to an ignorant and
gullible American public, who thinks it is getting the real… This is part of
the deep structure of our decline: the truth of our situation won’t fly
politically, so perforce it must remain invisible.
En exact op dit punt staan wij vandaag de dag in het tweede decennium van de 21ste eeuw. Niemand gelooft meer echt in het systeem. Niemand wil sterven om democratie en mensenrechten te verdedigen,
daarom laten we nu ‘drones’ de bloedbaden veroorzaken. En dit op
het moment dat we geconfronteerd worden met onze slachtoffers die door hun
uitzichtloze positie wel degelijk bereid zijn voor hun zaak te sterven. Wij
hebben alles te verliezen, zij niets. Wij zijn nog de ‘geprivilegieerden,’ de rest behoort tot de ‘impoverished two-thirds of
humanity,’ om in de terminologie van Brzezinski te blijven. Het enige dat voor westerse gemarginaliseerden overblijft is als chroniqueurs van onze tijd de loop
der gebeurtenissen zo waarheidsgetrouw mogelijk te noteren. Dat is een nobele taak,
zeker als we die afmeten tegen al dat gedoe van alle doe-mensen die te vaak pas tegen het einde van hun leven ontdekken dat het bestaan tragisch is.
Tragisch niet in de zin van de gruwelen die ze hebben begaan voor geld of
geloof, want die zijn niet tragisch maar een bewuste slachtpartij. Ik bedoel tragisch in de betekenis die de auteur Milan Kundera eraan geeft: ‘The
clearer it became that the hope was illusory, the more clearly emerged the
tragedy of their lives.’ Ineens realiseren ze zich te laat dat er een intens
vergeefs element zit in al het menselijke handelen. De belangrijkste na-oorlogse ideoloog van de Amerikaanse
buitenlandse politiek, George Kennan, schreef in de epiloog van zijn Sketches From A Life:
I view the United States of
these last years of the twentieth century as essentially a tragic country,
endowed with magnificent natural resources which it is rapidly wasting and
exhausting, and with an intellectual and artistic intelligentsia of great talent
and originality. For this intelligentsia the dominant political forces of the
country have little understanding or regard. Its voice is normally silenced or
outshouted by the commercial media. It is probably condemned to remain
indefinitely, like the Russian intelligentsia in the nineteenth century, a
helpless spectator of the disturbing course of a nation’s life.
Gezien de belangen van de
gevestigde orde ziet het er niet naar uit dat er een wezenlijke politieke
omslag zal plaatvinden, en veel belangrijker nog, zeker geen culturele omslag.
Veel waarschijnlijker is dat wij aan de vooravond staan van een serie oorlogen
over de almaar verminderende grondstoffenreserves waarop een steeds talrijkere
wereldbevolking aanspraak doet. In The
Race For What’s Left. The Global Scramble For The World’s Last Resources
schreef in 2012 de Amerikaanse hoogleraar Peace and World Security Studies Michael T. Klare:
Certainly, Chinese authorities
have displayed no inclination to compromise regarding their claims to the East
and South China Seas… ‘China will never waive its right to protect its core
interest with military means,’ declared the Global Times, an English-language
newspaper published by the Communist Party. To lend weight to that assertion,
the Chinese navy conducted extensive military maneuvers in the South China
Sea… deploying a fleet of missile-carrying warships and conducting live-fire exersises.
Onder de bodem van de Zuid Chinese Zee liggen fel begeerde grondstoffen voor de economische groei van het land dat sinds kort
‘de Verenigde Staten [is] gepasseerd als grootste handelsland.’ Professor Klare:
The United States has also
cautioned China against excessive provocation, insisting that it is fully
prepared to defend its allies in the region. ‘We have an enduring presence
here, we have an enduring responsibility,’ said Admiral Mike Mullen, chairman
of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, during a July 2011 visit to Beijing. As if in
reply to Chinese demonstrations of naval force, the U.S. Navy has conducted its
own set of exercises in troubled areas of the South China Sea, and in late 2011
President Obama announced the establishmen of a new U.S. base at Darwin, on
Australia’s north coast… Many wars have erupted that way in the past, and there
is no reason to assume the same cannot occur again.
As the global struggle over
scarce resources intensifies, such risks will only become more common. Similar
aggressive posturing by rival claimants, as we have seen, has also been
occurring in the Arctic, the Falkland Islands region, and the Celebes Sea off
Malaysia and Indonesia. Responding to a Russian warning of possible conflict
over Arctic resources, for example, Canada’s foreign minister said in 2009 that
his government would ‘work peacefully’ with other contries to resolve boundary
disputes – but also added that ‘Canadian Forces are prepared to address future
challenges and respond to any emergency’ that might occur in the region.
Russian leaders then racheted up the tension by announcing a significant
extension of Russia’s border protection forces in the Arctic region.
De dreigende grondstoffentekorten zullen de prijzen blijven opdrijven en daardoor de mogelijkheid van goedkoop produceren in toenemende
mate belemmeren. Bovendien leiden die dreigende tekorten nu al tot een toename van de peperdure
bewapening waarvan de kosten aan de belastingbetalende burgers wordt
doorberekend. Daar komt bij dat de miljarden verslindende bloedige oorlogen in
onder andere Kongo, Mali, Afghanistan voorbeelden zijn van de toekomstige
gewelddadige ontwikkelingen als gevolg van het claimen van oprakende
grondstoffen. Ook vanuit dit perspectief is de stelligheid waarmee Geert Mak
bewering dat 'Het beter [is] voor… de internationale gemeenschap dat
Obama de verkiezingen wint,' naïeve nonsense. Dit soort denken van
de mainstream is gebaseerd op enkele onbespreekbare dogma’s, die zo
vanzelfsprekend worden geacht dat ze niet ter discussie worden gesteld. De
Amerikaanse politieke wetenschapper Anne-Marie Slaughter, voormalig Director of Policy Planning van het
Amerikaanse ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken, vatte één van die dogma’s als
volgt samen:
Our shared values are essential
because they link America to the world. The belief that American values are
universal values – that all men and women are created equal, that all are
entitled to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, regardless of race,
creed, or nationality – connects us to other nations.
In een land waar 1
procent van de bevolking 40 procent van alle rijkdommen bezit, meer dan 40
miljoen Amerikanen onder de armoedegrens leven, en de helft van de Congresleden
miljonair is en de presidentiele verkiezingscampagnes worden gefinancierd door grote concerns, is het inhoudsloze propaganda te beweren dat in de VS ‘all are
entitled to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, regardless of race,
creed, or nationality.’ En het is helemaal absurd om op grond
van een leugen te denken dat die leugen ‘universal values’ vertegenwoordigt
die
‘connects us to other nations.’ Zeker als ook Anne-Marie Slaughter die
een goed betaalde hoge ambtenaar was en auteur van de 254 pagina’s tellende
studie The Idea That is America: Keeping Faith with Our
Values in a Dangerous World weet
dat de belastingwetgeving in haar land zo is geregeld dat
It permits wealthy hedge fund
operators, venture capitalists and other private-equity managers to treat their
pay, for tax purposes, as a return on an investment instead of as a salary. By
doing so, they pay taxes at the 15 percent capital gains rate instead of the 35
percent rate on ordinary income.
En ook over de
volgende feiten kon Slaughter beschikken:
The
average tax rate for the 400 wealthiest Americans was 29.3 percent in 1993, but
dropped to 18.1 percent in 2008, according to the latest IRS statistics.
During that time, the combined
taxable income of the top 400 soared from $16.3 billion to $91 billion. The
richest 10 percent of Americans now control 70 percent of the country’s wealth.
In an era of rising income
inequality, mammoth budget deficits and proposed cuts in defense and federal
assistance programs, the taxes paid by rich folks like Dagres are a topic of
national debate. Billionaire Warren Buffett fueled the controversy when
he publicly deplored that his office receptionist and other employees pay taxes
at higher rates than he does. Buffett didn’t release his tax returns, but said his annual tax rate,
including payroll taxes, is 17.4 percent.
http://www.publicintegrity.org/2012/01/01/7704/tax-gift-rich
http://www.publicintegrity.org/2012/01/01/7704/tax-gift-rich
Ondanks de feiten
blijven Slaughter en Mak er blind van uitgaan dat de VS het grote
voorbeeld blijft voor de rest van de wereld. Maar zoals de Amerikaanse
assistant professor in de communicatiewetenschappen Craig Hayden in 2011
schreef in de essaybundel The Rhetoric Of
American Exceptionalism:
Such arguments for
public diplomacy efforts presuppose that influence is accomplished in the
revelation of shared values – and, in particular, that the United States
embodies universal values. In this view, all audiences are assumed to aspire to
these abstractions of political and social values.
Yet when values are
represented as both universal and distinct to the United States, they may
become less effective as a route to persuasion. Pedantic reminders of the
special providence of U.S. political culture does not, as it turns out,
generate copious support for the United States (Kohut and Stokes, 2006).
Het feit
dat Geert Mak gebrekkig is geinformeerd over de VS en toch meent dat hij namens
de rest van de mensheid kan spreken door te beweren dat 'het beter
[is] voor… de internationale gemeenschap dat Obama de verkiezingen wint,' getuigt inderdaad van een niet geringe pedanterie.
Hoewel hij en de andere mainstream opiniemakers in hun eigen propaganda zijn
gaan geloven, weet een aanzienlijk deel van de mensheid inmiddels wel wat de
keerzijde is van de Amerikaanse neoliberale ideologie. Al was het maar omdat ze
in tegenstelling tot Mak en Slaughter niet tot de
gepriviligieerden behoren, maar tot de ‘impoverished two-thirds of humanity.’ Wat men ook mag beweren, de armen
kunnen zich de illusies van een miljonair niet permitteren. Het zou hun
dood betekenen, terwijl ze hier in het Westen geld en aanzien
oplevert. Hayden, die op massacommunicatie-gebied veel wetenschappelijk onderzoek
heeft gedaan, stelt terecht:
While exceptionalism may ‘work’
as an acceptable set of arguments to frame policy debate within the United
States, it runs aground when translated into actionable policy prescriptions.
This problem is both tactical and strategic.
Maar omdat het intellectuele
niveau van de polder-intelligentsia ver onder dat van de Amerikaanse
intelligentsia ligt kan de gelauwerde Mak onweersproken ervan uitgaan dat hij
de maat is voor de rest van de wereldbevolking. Nee dus, de mensen elders zijn
veel minder naief dan onze opiniemakers. Getuige de oplage in Nederland van zijn Amerika
reisgids mag de kapitalistische propaganda dan wel in Nederland werken, maar
zeker niet in de ontwikkelingslanden.
Het Amerikaanse exceptionalisme werkte
effectief in de jaren vijftig toen Mak in de provincie voor het eerst met de Donald Duck werd geconfronteerd en van
zijn ‘zakgeld
platte pakjes kauwgom’ kocht ‘mooi ingepakt, met een los plaatje van een
filmster – die sparen we --, en alles ruikt vreemd en rozig: Amerika!’ Die magie verdween tijdens de
Amerikaanse Vietnam-terreur, einde jaren zestig van de vorige eeuw, weliswaar
niet voor de westerse mainstream opiniemakers die een ‘geheime liefde’ voor het ‘droomland’
bleven koesteren, maar wel voor ontelbare verpauperden en westerlingen die dwars door de
propaganda konden heen prikken.
Morgen meer.
1 opmerking:
Goeie Stan. The world according to Mak.
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